What Is the Meaning of EV in Cars?

Up until the late 19th century, cars didn’t operate without petrol or gasoline. The introduction of electric vehicles provided an alternative for cars to run on electric power. Unlike conventional automobiles solely powered by petrol or diesel, EVs use an electric motor to power their internal batteries. Understanding how these cars work helps get the best deals and maximize efficiency. So, what does EV really mean in cars?

What Are the Types of EVs?

Electric vehicles are revered for preserving climate. Unlike vehicles operating on gas and petrol which pollute the environment, EVs have zero emissions. There are various types of EVs - BEV, HEV, PHEV, and FCEV.

BEV

A Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) is the purest form of an EV because it completely runs on batteries powered by an electric drivetrain. The electricity that moves the car is generated from the battery. Thus, the battery must be charged to deliver power.

HEV

A Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) uses an engine and an electric motor to generate power. The engine is powered by fuel and the motor is powered by electricity. Both power sources are engaged and transmitted simultaneously to get the vehicle running.

PHEV

A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) is similar to an HEV by combining an engine and an electric motor. However, it has fuel options to choose from based on preference. You can use typical fuel like petrol or alternative fuel like bio-diesel. There’s also provision for a rechargeable battery.

FCEV

A Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) has an advanced drivetrain that uses fuel cells to generate electricity for powering an EV with zero emissions. The fuel undergoes a refinement process that transforms its energy into electricity, producing zero emissions.

What Choose the BEV and the HEV?

The first EVs were invented in the late 19th century, and have undergone various developments since then, prioritizing user safety and comfort. The Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) are audience favorites in the EV lineup due to their convenient charging, maintenance ease, and accessibility.

Driving range is a main concern for users and battery capacity determines EV’s driving range. Since the BEV relies solely on electric motors for power, its battery capacity is higher than that of the HEV. A typical BEV battery capacity is 20 kWh for sedans, 50-75 kWh for mid-sized vehicles, and over 100 kWh for larger vehicles like SUVs. The average HEV battery capacity is small and between 1 and 2 kWh. It’s designed for enhanced fuel usage, not complete electric power.

What Are the Charging Times and Driving Ranges of BEVs and HEVs?

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) have different models, battery capacities, charging infrastructure, etc. These varying factors influence their charging times and driving ranges. The BEV boasts 100% electric and generally takes longer to charge than the HEV. However, there are instances when the HEV takes longer to charge.

The BEV level 1 charging (120V AC) offers up to 5 miles of driving range when charged for an hour. Charging an average BEV with a 60-80 kWh battery to full capacity takes up to 48 hours. Level 2 charging (240V AC) gives up to 30 miles of range for an hour’s charge. A full charge on a 60-80 kWh battery takes up to 12 hours. The DC fast charging (50-350 kW) offers over 300 miles of range for a 30-minute charge and takes about 40 minutes to get a full charge on a 60-80 kWh battery. A full charge on the various charging types offers between 150 and 300 miles on average.

Unlike the BEV, the HEV isn’t charged externally. It leverages regenerative braking to charge its internal combustion engine. As a result of this, the HEV has no standard charging time. It offers 1-2 miles when it runs strictly on its fully-charged electric motor, and up to 600 miles on its electric motor and internal engine at full charge.

What Are the Factors to Consider in Choosing Between a BEV and a HEV?

It’s understandable to be conflicted in choosing between a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and a Hybrid Electric vehicle (HEV) because both have EV technology. However, considering certain factors will help you get the best bargain.

Driving Pattern and Distance

The BEV is purely powered by electricity and suitable for short-distance daily driving. It’s an ideal choice for driving around town. The HEV is a better choice if you drive long distances out of town because it doesn’t depend on electricity 100%.

Charging Infrastructure

Accessing charging infrastructure is key to fully utilizing a BEV because it completely relies on electricity to function. Having charging infrastructure at home isn’t sufficient because you may run out of battery while out and about. You can easily charge it if you live in a city with various public charging outlets. Otherwise, you are better off with an HEV which doesn't require external charging.

Environmental Concerns

BEVs have zero emissions due to their complete reliance on electricity. HEVs, on the other hand, only use electricity partly - their internal combustion engine produces low emissions which pollute the environment. A BEV is a better option if you are concerned about environmental preservation.

Price

Price is a main factor to consider in choosing between a BEV and a HEV. The prices of both EVs differ according to their models and features. However, BEVs are generally more expensive with higher upfront costs because they offer complete EV technology. The average price of a BEV is $28,000 to $90,000 and an HEV is $25,000 to $70,000.

EVs Mean Convenient Driving and Better Climate Conditions

Climatic conditions are worsening daily due to high emissions from vehicles and other fuel-powered machines. EV technology enables automobiles to function with zero or low emissions. EV cars are a better alternative to gas or petrol-powered cars because they are easier to manage.